Improvement in pharmaceutical stills, steam, and water-baths



RALPH P. BUCKLAND, Jr., & GUSTAVUS A. GESSNER.

Pharmaceutical Still.

117,738. I v Patented August s, 1871.

RALPH P. BUCKLAND, Jr., 8L GUSTAVUS A. GESSNER.

Pharmaceutical Still.

117,738. Patented Augast 8, 187|,

J E I J I a I RALPH P. BUCKLAND, jr, 8L GUSTAVUS A. GESSNR.

Pharmaceutical Still.

H1-H58. Patented August 8, 18??,

RALPH r. BUCKLAND, Jn., AND eusTAvUs A. enssnnn, on FREMONT, onto.

IMPROVEMENT IN PHARMACEUTICAL STILLS, STEAM, AND WATER-BATHS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 117,738, dated August 8, 1871.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it knownthat we, RALPH P. BUCKLAND, Jr., and GUsTAvUs A. Gnssivnn, of Fremont, Sandusky county, Ohio, 'have invented a` Pharmaceutical Still 5 and we do .hereby declare the following, when taken in connection witlrthe accompanying drawing and the letters of reference marked thereon, to be a tull,"clear, and exact description of the same.

The object of this invention is to make a simple, cheap, and ei'licient pharmaceutical still for the economical preparation ot' iiuid and solid extracts, essences, distilled and medicated waters, sirups, 8:0.

In the drawing, Figure l-A represents a vsupport for the bath 5 B, a stove, (any kind of stove or gas-furnace may .be used with this apparatus 5) C, the water-bath, which may be converted into a steam-batlnif desired, by keeping just' enough water in the apparatus to till the pipe c2; F, the condenser surrounding the top ot the retort, kept full oi' cold water by a supplycock, (not shown,) has attached to its upper edge a small pipe, j', which carries otl` the waste water 5 I, the heater', to be placed on a stove .or gas-furnace and connected, by a pipe, il, with a circular' pipe, i2, in side ot' and near the top ot' the vessel C, and, by pipe c2, with the bottom ot' vessel C. J is a small vessel, connected, by a pipe, jl, with pipe c2, and is supplied with a waste-pipe, j?, Fig. 2, on a level with the top of the water-bath. rlhis vessel receives the water from the waste-pipe f, whereby the water in thc vessel C is always kept up to the proper level and the dissipation otthe bath is prevented. Fig. 2-02, a small groove around the inside of the'top ot' vessel C; 1),'a retort suspended within the vessel 'C by a ring, d2, which rests in the groove c1. This join-t canbe made steam and water-tight by tilling the groove with putty or other cement before setting the ring d2 into it. E, the cover of the retort, consisting of an upright circular band, el, which, resting on the iiaring ring d1, forms a groove, d1 el, which is toV be filled with cement, thus forming an airtight joint and a corrugated cone, E, the base ot' which, with the beveled upper edge ofthe upright circular band el, formin g a gutter, e2. which opens into the pipe g, Fig. 3, for carrying ott the condensed liquids. i?, a circular pipe, connected by pipe il with the top ot' the heater I, and having from four to eight or more openings into the vessel C. By this arrangement a perfect current of hot water or steam is obtained from heater I through pipes il i2 and vessel (l and back again by pipe c2 to the heater. As the hot water or steam enters the bath near the top and at from four .to eight or more diii'erent points simultaneously, the sides and' bottom of the retort containing' the substances to be acted upon can be evenly and rapidly heated. Fig. S-G, a small condenser, commonly called afLiebigs condenser, surrounding pipe g to prevent the escape of any uncondensed vapor;y H, a tunnel, placed under the supply-cock (not shown) and connected by pipes h1 and h2 with the condensers F and G, pipe h1 carries a stream of `cold water to the bottom of vessel F and upon the commencement of pipe g; h2 supplies condenser G' with a constant stream of cold water. Fig. 4- K, a support for the condenserY G, represents a transverse section of the vessel C, showing pipes il i2 c2 and heater I and the mannerin which the hot water or steam is made to circulate through the pipes, heater, and bath.

The method of operating this still is as follows: The top,includingparts E, F, and Gr, and the retort D being removed, the groove c1 is filled with putty or other cement. The retort is now replaced, and the ring cl2 is iirmly pressed into the cement. The substances to be treated are introduced into the retort and the top (E, F, and G) replaced, and

the groove d1 el filled with some cement. The water is now turned on and a ire made under the heater. As the water in the heater becomes hot itwill rise into pipes t1 and i2, and through theopenings in pipe t" into vessel C. Goldwater from pipe c2 and lower part of vessel C will iiow into the heater, and, after being heated, will be forced up Y through the pipes into the bath. Thus in a short time a current is established which will continue as long as heat is applied. As the current of hot water is in contact with the sides and bottom'of the retort, the volatile constituents of the substances treated are converted into'vapor, which, rising until it comes in contact with the cold under surface ofthe cone E, is condensed and runs down into the gutter e2, and from thence into the pipe g, from which it maybe conducted intoany kind of vessel.

For a steam-bath the operationv is the same asl above except that the lower pipe only is kept filled with water.

This still can be used in connection with any kind. of stove or gas-furnace; is simple, cheap, efcieut, and durable; combines a steam and Wa,- ter-bztth iu one apparatus, and operates with ral pdity and thoroughness.

We claim as newl. The combination of the beater, the steam or Wateubath, and the still, with their connectingpipes', substantially as set forth. Y

2. The circular pipe i?, whereby the hot Water `01 steam is made to enter the bath at from four to eight 01' more different points simultaneously.

3. The joints (11.01 and (12 c1'. 4. The arrangement of pipes f,j1, and jl, with the vessel J, substantially as set forth.

5. The corrugated cap with surrounding Vessel, in combina-tion with thesmall condenser.

RALPH P. BUCKLAND, JR. GUSTAVUS A. GESSNER.

Witnesses:

GEORGE O. HABLAN, S. BUGKLAND. 

